The cul­tur­al land­scape of Bali con­sists of five rice ter­races and their water tem­ples that cov­er 19,500&nbsp,ha. The tem­ples are the focus of a coop­er­a­tive water man­age­ment sys­tem of canals and weirs, known as sub­ak, that dates back to the 9th cen­tu­ry. Includ­ed in the land­scape is the 18th-cen­­tu­ry Roy­al Water Tem­ple of Pura Taman Ayun, the largest and most impres­sive archi­tec­tur­al edi­fice of its type on the island. The sub­ak reflects the philo­soph­i­cal con­cept of Tri Hita Karana, which brings togeth­er the realms of the spir­it, the human world and nature. This phi­los­o­phy was born of the cul­tur­al exchange between Bali and India over the past 2,000 years and has shaped the land­scape of Bali. The sub­ak sys­tem of demo­c­ra­t­ic and egal­i­tar­i­an farm­ing prac­tices has enabled the Bali­nese to become the most pro­lif­ic rice grow­ers in the arch­i­pel­ago despite the chal­lenge of sup­port­ing a dense pop­u­la­tion.