In the east­ern Ara­bi­an Penin­su­la, the Al-Ahsa Oasis is a ser­i­al prop­er­ty com­pris­ing gar­dens, canals, springs, wells and a drainage lake, as well as his­tor­i­cal build­ings, urban fab­ric and archae­o­log­i­cal sites. They rep­re­sent traces of con­tin­ued human set­tle­ment in the Gulf region from the Neolith­ic to the present, as can be seen from remain­ing his­toric fortress­es, mosques, wells, canals and oth­er water man­age­ment sys­tems. With its 2.5 mil­lion date palms, it is the largest oasis in the world. Al-Ahsa is also a unique geo­cul­tur­al land­scape and an excep­tion­al exam­ple of human inter­ac­tion with the envi­ron­ment.