Introduction
High-altitude settlements are places where people live and work in conditions most travelers would find extreme. Thin air, sharp temperature changes, and limited resources are part of daily life. Yet these places offer unique landscapes, ancient traditions, and a chance to test yourself.

La Rinconada, Peru — the highest city
La Rinconada sits at about 5100 meters above sea level in the Peruvian Andes. It is a mining town where gold is extracted. Around 50000 people live here in harsh conditions: temperatures rarely rise above freezing, and oxygen levels are almost half of those at sea level. There is no centralized water supply or sewage system. You can reach it from Puno via mountain roads in about two days. The best time to visit is the dry season from May to September.

El Alto, Bolivia — a high-altitude metropolis
El Alto is located at about 4150 meters and is part of the metropolitan area with La Paz. Over a million people live here. The city is famous for its markets, Aymara culture, and colorful festivals. It is easy to reach via La Paz’s international airport, located in El Alto itself. The best time to visit is during the Southern Hemisphere winter (June-August) when the air is dry and clear.

Tibetan villages — life on the roof of the world
On the Tibetan Plateau, at altitudes from 4000 to 5000 meters, dozens of villages have existed for centuries. Dingri, at about 4350 meters, serves as a base for Everest expeditions. Here you can meet nomads herding yaks and monks living in monasteries. Visitors come for the mountain views and Tibetan culture. Access is via Lhasa or Kathmandu, with spring and autumn being the best seasons.

Puno, Peru — a city by the highest navigable lake
Puno lies at 3827 meters on the shores of Lake Titicaca. It is the cultural capital of the Peruvian Andes, known for its festivals and folklore. Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world. You can reach Puno by train or bus from Cusco or La Paz. The best time to visit is May-September.

Kibber, India — a Himalayan high-altitude village
Kibber in Himachal Pradesh, India, is located at about 4270 meters and has around 400 residents. It is known for its monastery and as a starting point for treks into the Spiti wildlife sanctuary. Access is from Manali via mountain passes open only in summer.

Travel tips
Before visiting high-altitude areas, acclimatization is essential to avoid altitude sickness. Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol, and take it easy for the first few days. Bring warm clothing even if days are sunny, as nights are cold. Budgets vary: in Peru and Bolivia you can manage on 50–70 USD per day, in Tibet and India from 40 USD.

Why visit
High-altitude settlements show how humans adapt to harsh environments and offer unforgettable views. Visiting them is a journey not only in geography but also in culture.