The largest hydro­elec­tric pow­er sta­tion in Egypt, locat­ed on the Nile Riv­er. It was built to reg­u­late the flow of the Nile and pro­vide elec­tric­i­ty for the coun­try’s pop­u­la­tion and indus­try. The con­struc­tion of the Aswan Dam began in 1960 and was com­plet­ed in 1970. Tech­ni­cal assis­tance in the con­struc­tion of the hydro­elec­tric pow­er sta­tion and the Aswan High Dam was pro­vid­ed by engi­neers from the USSR.

The height of the hydro­elec­tric pow­er sta­tion dam is 111 meters, and the length is 3.6 km. In addi­tion, Lake Nasr was cre­at­ed, which has an area of ​​5,250 square kilo­me­ters and is one of the largest arti­fi­cial reser­voirs in the world.

The Aswan Dam pro­duces ener­gy using 12 tur­bines with a capac­i­ty of 1,750 MW each, the total capac­i­ty of the sta­tion is 21,000 MW. This hydro­elec­tric pow­er sta­tion is a key source of elec­tric­i­ty for Egypt and pro­vides elec­tric­i­ty to most cities and regions of the coun­try.

How­ev­er, the con­struc­tion of the Aswan Dam has been the sub­ject of seri­ous dis­cus­sions and crit­i­cism from envi­ron­men­tal­ists. The ris­ing water lev­els of the Nile Riv­er have changed the ecosys­tem in the region and forced many res­i­dents to relo­cate. In addi­tion, the sat­u­ra­tion of the soil with water has led to an increase in salt and dete­ri­o­ra­tion of the soil qual­i­ty, which has affect­ed agri­cul­ture in the Nile Delta region. How­ev­er, the Aswan Dam remains a key source of elec­tric­i­ty for Egypt.