It can be said that in the center of the Absheron Peninsula on the territory of the village of Surakhany – now Amirjan – there is an architectural and historical monument of Azerbaijan – the Ateshgah fire temple. The temple rises on the site where gases emerged from the ground, blazing with “eternal fires” from ancient times until the end of the 19th century. The historical roots of the monument go back centuries, when one of the dominant religions was Zoroastrianism. The construction of the first Ateshgah temple is evidenced by the inscription of mebedan mobeda Kartir in the 3rd century. n. e. on the “Kaaba of Zoroaster,” from which it follows that he established sacred fires in Transcaucasia and appointed priests to serve them. Also, the Arab geographer Istakhri in 930 in the “Book of Ways and Countries” wrote that not far from Baku there are villages whose inhabitants are Zoroastrians. But over time, when Islam established itself in the country, the local population stopped visiting the temples of fire, which as a result began to decline. The same fate befell the Ateshgah temple. Centuries passed, but the Great Silk Road, which passed through the territory of Azerbaijan, and trade relations in the Middle Ages with many countries of the East again connected the Zoroastrians, after a change of many generations, with the sanctuary in Surakhani. Merchants who came to Azerbaijan, upon returning to their homeland, talked about an amazing, unprecedented phenomenon – fire coming out of the ground. So from the beginning of the 17th century. A stream of pilgrims reached Surakhany. According to the German traveler E. Kaempfer, who visited Azerbaijan in 1683, from the middle of the 17th century. they begin to rebuild the Ateshgah temple. At the beginning of the 19th century. The temple has already acquired the appearance that has remained unchanged to this day. In plan, it is a pentagonal-shaped complex, surrounded by a battlemented wall, with an entrance portal. The name “Ateshgah” itself is translated as “house of fire” or “place of fire.”