The first mosque on this site was built during the lifetime of Muhammad, subsequent Islamic rulers expanded and decorated the shrine. Mohammed’s tomb is located under the Green Dome. The exact date of the construction of the dome is unknown, but its description can be found in manuscripts from the beginning of the 12th century. The first two Muslim caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar are also buried in Aisha’s room. After the Hijra, Muhammad settled in Yathrib (later called Medina) in a house, on the site of which he later began the construction of a mosque, he himself took part in the work. The design principle of this building has been adopted for other mosques around the world[2][3]. The main elements of the mosque’s column composition were laid in the construction: an open rectangular courtyard and a prototype of the future columned hall, oriented initially to Jerusalem, and later to Mecca, recognized as the main holy city of Muslims. The mosque also served as a venue for cultural and social events, a court and a religious school.