The first mosque on this site was built dur­ing the life­time of Muham­mad, sub­se­quent Islam­ic rulers expand­ed and dec­o­rat­ed the shrine. Mohammed’s tomb is locat­ed under the Green Dome. The exact date of the con­struc­tion of the dome is unknown, but its descrip­tion can be found in man­u­scripts from the begin­ning of the 12th cen­tu­ry. The first two Mus­lim caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar are also buried in Aisha’s room. After the Hijra, Muham­mad set­tled in Yathrib (lat­er called Med­i­na) in a house, on the site of which he lat­er began the con­struc­tion of a mosque, he him­self took part in the work. The design prin­ci­ple of this build­ing has been adopt­ed for oth­er mosques around the world[2][3]. The main ele­ments of the mosque’s col­umn com­po­si­tion were laid in the con­struc­tion: an open rec­tan­gu­lar court­yard and a pro­to­type of the future columned hall, ori­ent­ed ini­tial­ly to Jerusalem, and lat­er to Mec­ca, rec­og­nized as the main holy city of Mus­lims. The mosque also served as a venue for cul­tur­al and social events, a court and a reli­gious school.