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The Pantanal Conservation Area consists of a cluster of four protected areas with a total area of 187,818 ha. Located in western central Brazil at the south-west corner of the State of Mato Grosso, the site represents 1.3% of Brazil`s Pantanal region, one of the world`s largest freshwater wetland ecosystems. The headwaters of the region`s two major river systems, the Cuiaba and the Paraguay rivers, are located here, and the abundance and diversity of its vegetation and animal life are spectacular.
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The Pantanal has a tropical semi-humid climate with a mean annual temperature of 25oC, with average temperatures in winter of 21oC and in summer of up to 32oC when there are swarms of mosquitoes. Its annual rainfall is between 800 and 1,600mm, concentrated into a wet summer between October and April which precipitates the floods which can flood up to 78% of the area (Male, 2001), and a dry winter season from May to September (Rizzini et al., 1988).
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